In the following listing, companions refer to those vegetables that, when planted together, are mutually beneficial. Allies are the herbs and flowers that provide protection or improve the growth of certain vegetables. Enemies are other vegetables, herbs and flowers that can cause detrimental effects when planted near certain vegetables. This listing explains in detail the exact effects of the allies and enemies, and names the companions.
Asparagus
Companions: Basil, parsley, tomato.
Ally: Pot marigold deters beetles.
Beans
Companions: Beet (to bush beans only), cabbage family, carrot, celery, chard, corn, cucumber, eggplant, pea, potatoes, radish, strawberry.
Enemies: Garlic, onion and shallot stunt the growth of beans.
Allies: Marigold deters Mexican bean beetles. Nasturtium and rosemary deter bean beetles. Summer savory deters bean beetles, improves growth and flavor.
Beets
Companions: Bush beans, cabbage family, lettuce, onion
Ally: Garlic improves growth and flavor.
Enemies: Pole beans and beets stunt each other’s growth.
Cabbage family
(Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, kale and kohlrabi)
Companions: Beet, celery, chard, cucumber, lettuce, onion, potato, spinach.
Allies: Chamomile and garlic improve growth and flavor. Catnip, hyssop, rosemary and sage deter cabbage moth. Dill improves growth and health. Mint deters cabbage moth and ants, improves health and flavor. Nasturtium deters bugs, beetles, aphids. Southernwood deters cabbage moth, improves growth and flavor.
Tansy deters cabbageworm and cutworm. Thyme deters cabbageworm.
Enemies: Kohlrabi and tomato stunt each other’s growth.
Carrots
Companions: Bean, lettuce, onion, pea, pepper, radish, tomato
Allies: Chives improve growth and flavor. Rosemary and sage deter carrot fly.
Enemy: Dill retards growth.
Celery
Companions: Bean, cabbage family and tomato
Allies: Chives and garlic deter aphids. Nasturtium deters bugs and aphids.
Chard
Companions: Bean, cabbage family and onion
Corn
Companions: Bean, cucumber, melon, parsley, pea, potato, pumpkin, squash
Enemies: Tomatoes and corn are attacked by the same worm.
Allies: Odorless marigold and white geranium deter Japanese beetles. Pigweed raises nutrients from the subsoil to where the corn can reach them.
Cucumber
Companions: Bean, cabbage family, corn, pea, radish, tomato
Enemy: Sage is generally injurious to cucumber.
Allies: Marigold deters beetles. Nasturtium deters aphids, beetles and bugs, improves growth and flavor.
Oregano deters pests in general. Tansy deters ants, beetles, bugs, flying insects.
Eggplant
Companions: Bean, pepper
Allies: Marigold deters nematodes.
Lettuce
Companions: Beet, cabbage family, carrot, onion, radish, strawberry
Allies: Chives and garlic deter aphids.
Melons
Companions: Corn, pumpkin, radish, squash
Allies: Marigold deters beetles. Nasturtium deters bugs and beetles. Oregano provides general pest protection
Onions
Companions: Beet, cabbage family, carrot, chard, lettuce, pepper, strawberry, tomato
Enemies: Onions stunt bean, pea.
Allies: Chamomile and summer savory improve growth and flavor. Pigweed raises nutrients from subsoil and makes them available to the onions. Sow thistle improves growth and health.
Parsley
Companions: Asparagus, corn, tomato
Peas
Companions: Bean, carrot, corn, cucumber, radish, turnip
Allies: Chives deter aphids. Mint improves health and flavor.
Enemies: Garlic and onion stunt the growth of peas.
Peppers
Companions: Carrot, eggplant, onion and tomato
Potatoes
Companions: Beans, cabbage family, corn, eggplant, pea
Enemies: Tomatoes and potatoes are attacked by the same blight.
Allies: Horseradish, planted at the corners of the potato patch, provides general protection. Marigold deters beetles.
Pumpkins
Companions: Corn, melon, squash
Allies: Marigold deters beetles. Nasturtium deters bugs, beetles. Oregano provides general pest protection.
Radishes
Companions: Bean, carrot, cucumber, lettuce, melon, pea
Allies: Chervil and nasturtium improve growth and flavor.
Enemy: Hyssop
Spinach
Companions: Cabbage family, strawberry
Squash
Companions: Corn, melon, pumpkin
Allies: Borage deters worms, improves growth and flavor. Marigold deters beetles. Nasturtium deters squash bugs and beetles. Oregano provides general pest protection.
Strawberry
Companions: Bean, lettuce, onion, spinach, thyme
Enemy: Cabbage
Allies: Borage strengthens resistance to insects and disease. Thyme, as a border, deters worms.
Tomatoes
Companions: Asparagus, carrot, celery, cucumber, onion, parsley, pepper
Enemies: Corn and tomato are attacked by the same worm. Mature dill retards tomato growth. Kohlrabi stunts tomato growth. Potatoes and tomatoes are attacked by the same blight.
Allies: Basil repels flies and mosquitoes, improves growth and flavor. Bee balm, chives and mint improve health and flavor. Borage deters tomato worm, improves growth and flavor. Dill, until mature, improves growth and health. Once mature, it stunts tomato growth. Marigold deters nematodes. Pot marigold deters tomato worm and general garden pests,
Turnips
Companion: Pea
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